An architectural revolution with views of nature<\/span><\/h2>\n <\/p>\n
Bioclimatic architecture seeks to design (or renovate) buildings so they integrate with the natural environment and thus leverage local conditions to optimize thermal comfort and limit energy consumption. This intelligent way of building uses available resources, such as location, sun, wind, and vegetation, to create healthy and efficient spaces. Passive bioclimatic architecture can reduce energy consumption by up to 90%. Jade Serra, partner at Slow Studio, clarifies the factors considered before designing this type of dwelling: “Sustainability determines the reduction of energy demand, carbon, and environmental impact, as well as the choice of materials.” Nature provides the tools, the architect indicates: “Solar orientation, air renewal, or cross ventilation allow us to minimize consumption, because we benefit from the energy provided by natural means.” “The materials used must be locally sourced, healthy, free of toxins, and focused on the bioclimatic strategy,” she adds. <\/p>\n
These components have been part of human history for millions of years, she states: “Earth, lime, wood, fired ceramic brick, plant fibers, cork, wool, wood fiber…” Innovation aims to recover traditional techniques and improve them. “The most innovative aspect we are focusing on in the studio is compressed earth blocks, manufactured in the same factory where industrialized concrete blocks are made, but instead of using cement as a binder, lime is used.” This technique is being developed in Germany on a large scale. In L\u00e9rida, the first facility producing earth blocks is located. In Mallorca, for public housing (four- and five-story buildings). <\/p>\n
In recent years, Slow Studio has been promoting a community housing model in self-development format: “Currently, we have two projects underway, in Girona and in Vall\u00e9s. I believe it will be a paradigm shift because environmental sustainability is joined by social and economic sustainability.” Quality of life is the objective of architects specialized in bioclimatism, Serra expresses: “The comfort and well-being promoted by sustainable construction are closely linked to health, because when thermal comfort is achieved through natural means, if I avoid activating air conditioning or heating, we achieve environmental health naturally.” “It is worth highlighting the emotional or mental health that is also generated,” she notes. <\/p>\n
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But are bioclimatic dwellings more expensive than conventional ones? Gorka \u00c1lvarez, partner at Ruiz-Larrea Arquitectura and Design Director, estimates that passive design ultimately results in “savings in production and consumption of installations and mechanical systems.” As a specialist in bioclimatic building design, he considers that “the Technical Building Code in Spain and other regulations are already requiring the construction of low-energy-demand buildings.” The path to achieving standards has two routes, according to \u00c1lvarez: “Through high-cost materials, such as windows or fa\u00e7ade solutions with greater insulation, or it can be done starting from a preliminary design in which orientations, protections, and elements that favor the building’s own control conditions are optimized.” <\/p>\n
The flagship product of bioclimatic architecture, for the partner at Ruiz-Larrea Arquitectura, is wood. “The impact at a cross-sectional level is infinitely lower than concrete or steel. As for the other materials used in construction, we tend, especially in thermal insulation, to avoid those derived from petroleum, and we want them to be natural with clear traceability of their origin.” Among the studio’s projects, he highlights Carabanchel 34, homes of the Municipal Housing Company (EMV), for rent with official protection. They were the first collective passivhaus dwellings in Madrid. “Building homes for disadvantaged people, with virtually no cost for heating and cooling consumption, without energy expenditure to climate-control them, seems very important to us,” he says. “Carabanchel 34 is an example of a public housing building, for rent, well-built through a careful design process and precise material application and execution control,” he adds. <\/p>\n
Regarding the latest research on bioclimatic dwellings, \u00c1lvarez favors envelopes, “fa\u00e7ades capable of transforming their configuration to modify their performance; that is, the building envelope ceasing to be a static element to become a dynamic one.” “That your fa\u00e7ade, when it really needs to be highly insulated, is so, but at the same time, when seasonal changes require modifications, has the capacity to adapt and transform,” he concludes. <\/p>\n
The concept of biomimicry draws inspiration from nature’s possibilities to resolve challenges we humans face. “My research focuses on how the strategies and mechanisms of living beings in the natural environment can be applied, especially adaptations to their specific habitat. From this knowledge, buildings and cities can be designed to function more like nature: urban centers would develop as healthy ecosystems for people and the planet.” This is explained by Marl\u00e9n L\u00f3pez, PhD architect and co-founder of the Biomimetic Laboratory (located in Ladines, in the Redes Natural Park, in Asturias), where she is engaged in education and scientific outreach. <\/p>\n
L\u00f3pez’s doctoral thesis at the University of Oviedo describes how tree leaves can efficiently adapt to the climatic conditions of each location: “We can design building envelopes as similar as possible to how those leaves function.” A project focused on a cushion-growth plant that has the capacity to manage temperature drops and creates an interior microclimate was prototyped and validated. The Giconsime group at the University of Oviedo continues to research it. <\/p>\n
“This can be transferred to a system for fa\u00e7ades and passively leverage sunlight conditions to create heat bubbles, and that heat is gradually transferred during the night,” she argues.<\/p>\n
Another example: the sponge city constitutes a possible solution for the devastating effects of a DANA like the one that has ravaged various localities in the Valencian Community and Castilla-La Mancha. It consists of implementing porous surfaces to absorb water, in the manner of floodable parks or green fa\u00e7ades. This could prevent floods and droughts, with water storage and acting as a purifier. In China, cities such as Xiamen, Baicheng, or Jiang have already adapted it. Shanghai has adjusted part of its infrastructure to the model. In Europe, Berlin is also exploring in this direction. “This design is ideal for cities at very low elevations, almost at sea level, that suffer the negative impact of intense rainfall, because they receive water accumulation at certain times. The proposal is based on creating wetland-type areas, without so much asphalt, without so much hard ground, without buildings,” the expert relates. <\/p>\n
Additionally, the Laboratory has a research line on organic biomaterials to use the product in interior design. Manuel Persa leads this work. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Last Sunday, November 10, the newspaper ABC published an interview with Jade Serra from Slow Studio about how bioclimatic architecture, which seeks to integrate buildings into their environment to optimize thermal comfort and improve energy efficiency, is finding its place in Spain.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":10516,"template":"","class_list":["post-10509","noticias","type-noticias","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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